Linux network programming 2, TCP connection API

First, server side

  1, create a socket:

    int socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);

      domain: Specify the protocol family, usually AF_INET.

      type: Specify the socket type, and use SOCK_STREAM under TCP communication.

      protocol: Specify the protocol, usually 0.

       Return value: return the file descriptor of the new socket if it succeeds, and return -1 if it fails.

      Header file: sys/socket.h sys/types.h

  2, bind socket

    int bind(int sockfd, *struct sockaddr my_addr, socklen_t addrlen);

      sockfd: The socket to be bound.

       my_addr: local address, created using sockaddr_in structure.

      addrlen: the length of my_addr.

       Return value: return 0 for success, return -1 for failure.

  3, listening socket

    int listen(int s, int backlog);

      s: the socket to be monitored

< p>      backlog: Specify the maximum length of the unfinished connection queue. If a connection request arrives when the completed connection queue is full, the client will receive an error.

       Return value: return 0 for success, return -1 for failure.

  4. Accept the connection

    int accept(int s, struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t *addrlen);

      s: The socket that receives the connection request .

      addr: Get client information.

      addrlen: the length of addr.

       Return value: return a connection socket represented by a non-negative integer on success, return -1 on failure.

  5. Read data

    ssize_t read(int fd, void *buf, size_t count);

      fd: file descriptor.

      buf: buffer, the read data is placed in the buffer.

      count: buffer size.

       Return value: Return the number of bytes read successfully, and return -1 if it fails.

       Note: Read will block.

    ssize_t recv(int sockfd, void *buf, size_t len, int flags);

      flags: generally set to 0.

      The rest is the same as above

  6, write data

    ssize_t write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count);

same as above .

    int send(int s, const void *msg, size_t len, int flags);

       Same as above.

  7. Close the socket

    int close(int fd);

      fd: The socket to be closed.

       Return value: return 0 for success, return -1 for failure.

  8, other

     convert local code to network code

    #include

    uint32_t htonl( uint32_t hostlong);

    uint16_t htons(uint16_t hostshort);

    uint32_t ntohl(uint32_t netlong);

netshort(uint16);   uint16

     convert network coding to local

    const char *inet_ntop(int af, const void *src, char *dst, socklen_t size);

      .

       src: Original data.

      dst: buffer.

       size: buffer size.

       Return value: Return the converted character string if it succeeds, or NULL if it fails.

//tcp_server.c

#include
#include

#include

#include

#include
<string.h>
#include

#include

#include

#include

int main()
{
const int lfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if(lfd==-1)
{
perror(
"socket error");
exit(
1);
}
struct sockaddr_in server;
memset(
&server,0,sizeof(server));
server.sin_family
=AF_INET;
server.sin_port
=htons(8888);
server.sin_addr.s_addr
=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
//Set port reuse
int flag=1;
setsockopt(lfd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,
&flag,sizeof(flag) );
int ret=bind(lfd,(struct sockaddr *)&server,sizeof(server));
if(-1==ret)
{
perror(
"bind error");
exit(
1);
}
ret
=listen(lfd,20);
if(ret==-1)
{
perror(
"listen error");
exit(
1);
}
struct sockaddr_in client;
socklen_t len
=sizeof(client);
int cfd =accept(lfd,(struct sockaddr *)&client,&len);
if(cfd==-1)
{
perror(
"accept error");
exit(
1);
}
printf(
"accept successful !!!\n ");
char ipbuf[64]={0};
printf(
"client IP: %s,port: %d\ n",inet_ntop(AF_INET,&client.sin_addr.s_addr,ipbuf,sizeof span>(ipbuf)),ntohs(client.sin_port));
while(1)
{
char buf[1024]={0};
int len=read(cfd,buf,sizeof (buf));
if(len==-1)
{
perror(
"read error");
exit(
1);

}
else if(len==0)
{
close(cfd);
break;
}
else
{
printf(
"recv buf: %s\n ",buf);
for(int i=0;ii)
{
buf[i]=toupper(buf[i]);

}
printf(
"send buf: %s\n ",buf);
write(cfd,buf,len);
}
}
close(cfd);
close(lfd);
return 0;
}

Second, client

  1, create a socket

    int socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);

 2, connect to the client

     int connect(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen);< /p>

       sockfd: the socket created by the client.

      addr: The configured server to connect to.

      addrlen: the length of addr.

       Return value: return 0 on success, -1 on failure.

  3. Communication

     is the same as the server side, omitted.

tcp_client.c:

 1 #include 

2 #include
3 #include
4 #include
5 #include
6 #include <string.h>
7 #include
8 #include
9 int main(int argc,char *argv[])
10 {
11 int lfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM, 0);
12 int port=atoi(argv[1]);
13 struct sockaddr_in serv;
14 serv.sin_family=AF_INET;
15 serv.sin_port=htons(port);
16 inet_pton(AF_INET,"127.0.0.1",&serv.sin_addr. s_addr);
17 connect(lfd,(struct sockaddr*) &serv,sizeof(serv));
18 while(1)
19 {
20 char buf[1024];
21 fgets(buf,sizeof(buf),stdin);
22 write(lfd,buf,strlen(buf));
23 memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
24 int len=read(lfd,buf, sizeof(buf));
25 if(len==-1)
26 {
27 perror("read err");
28 return -1;
29 }
30 else if(len==0)
31 {
32 break;
33 }
34 else
35 {
36 write(STDOUT_FILENO,buf,len);
37 }
38 }
39 close(lfd);
40 return 0;
41 }

//tcp_server.c

#include
#include

#include

#include

#include
<string.h>
#include

#include

#include

#include

int main()
{
const int lfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if(lfd==-1)
{
perror(
"socket error");
exit(
1);
}
struct sockaddr_in server;
memset(
&server,0,sizeof(server));
server.sin_family
=AF_INET;
server.sin_port
=htons(8888);
server.sin_addr.s_addr
=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
//Set port reuse
int flag=1;
setsockopt(lfd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,
&flag,sizeof(flag) );
int ret=bind(lfd,(struct sockaddr *)&server,sizeof(server));
if(-1==ret)
{
perror(
"bind error");
exit(
1);
}
ret
=listen(lfd,20);
if(ret==-1)
{
perror(
"listen error");
exit(
1);
}
struct sockaddr_in client;
socklen_t len
=sizeof(client);
int cfd =accept(lfd,(struct sockaddr *)&client,&len);
if(cfd==-1)
{
perror(
"accept error");
exit(
1);
}
printf(
"accept successful !!!\n ");
char ipbuf[64]={0};
printf(
"client IP: %s,port: %d\ n",inet_ntop(AF_INET,&client.sin_addr.s_addr,ipbuf,sizeof span>(ipbuf)),ntohs(client.sin_port));
while(1)
{
char buf[1024]={0};
int len=read(cfd,buf,sizeof (buf));
if(len==-1)
{
perror(
"read error");
exit(
1);

}
else if(len==0)
{
close(cfd);
break;
}
else
{
printf(
"recv buf: %s\n ",buf);
for(int i=0;ii)
{
buf[i]=toupper(buf[i]);

}
printf(
"send buf: %s\n ",buf);
write(cfd,buf,len);
}
}
close(cfd);
close(lfd);
return 0;
}

 1 #include 

2 #include
3 #include
4 #include
5 #include
6 #include <string.h>
7 #include
8 #include
9 int main(int argc,char *argv[])
10 {
11 int lfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM, 0);
12 int port=atoi(argv[1]);
13 struct sockaddr_in serv;
14 serv.sin_family=AF_INET;
15 serv.sin_port=htons(port);
16 inet_pton(AF_INET,"127.0.0.1",&serv.sin_addr. s_addr);
17 connect(lfd,(struct sockaddr*) &serv,sizeof(serv));
18 while(1)
19 {
20 char buf[1024];
21 fgets(buf,sizeof(buf),stdin);
22 write(lfd,buf,strlen(buf));
23 memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
24 int len=read(lfd,buf, sizeof(buf));
25 if(len==-1)
26 {
27 perror("read err");
28 return -1;
29 }
30 else if(len==0)
31 {
32 break;
33 }
34 else
35 {
36 write(STDOUT_FILENO,buf,len);
37 }
38 }
39 close(lfd);
40 return 0;
41 }

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