Server CPU X86 ARM PowerPC RISC
RISC is a microprocessor that executes fewer types of computer instructions. It originated in the MIPS host (that is, RISC machine) in the 1980s, in the RISC machine The microprocessors used are collectively referred to as RISC processors. In this way, it can perform operations at a faster speed (more than one million instructions per second, or MIPS). Because the computer needs additional transistors and circuit elements to execute each instruction type, the larger the computer instruction set, the more complex the microprocessor and the slower the execution.
Due to the simplified instruction set, the pipeline and common instructions can be executed by hardware, and a large number of registers are used, so that most instruction operations are performed between registers, which improves the processing speed; adopts cache-host-outside The three-level storage structure makes the fetch and store instructions to be executed separately, so that the processor can complete as much work as possible without slowing down the processing speed due to the access to information from the memory.
ARM architecture (Advanced RISC Machine) is a 32-bit reduced instruction set (RISC) processor architecture, which is widely used in many embedded system designs. Due to the energy-saving characteristics, ARM processors are very suitable for mobile communications, in line with its main design goal of low power consumption. ARM processors can be found in many consumer electronic products, from portable devices (PDAs, mobile phones, multimedia players, palmtop electronic games, and computers) to computer peripherals (hard drives, desktop routers) and even He exists in XX’s missile-borne computers and other military facilities.
MIPS It is a very popular RISC processor in the world, and its mechanism is to use software methods as much as possible to avoid data-related problems in the pipeline. MIPS Technology Corporation is a well-known chip design company in the United States. It uses Reduced Instruction System Computing Architecture (RISC) to design chips. Compared with the complex instruction system computing structure (CISC) adopted by Intel, RISC has the advantages of simpler design and shorter design cycle, and can apply more advanced technologies to develop faster next-generation processors. MIPS is one of the earliest commercial RISC architecture chips. The new architecture integrates all the original MIPS instruction sets and adds many more powerful functions. MIPS only designs the CPU itself, and then licenses the design scheme to the customer, so that the customer can manufacture a high-performance CPU.
PowerPC is a central processing unit with a simplified instruction set architecture. Its basic design is derived from the IBM PowerPC 601 microprocessor POWER. The PowerPC architecture is characterized by good scalability, convenience and flexibility, and the processor has Very strong embedded performance, because it has excellent performance, lower energy consumption and lower heat dissipation. In addition to integrated I/O like serial and Ethernet controllers, this embedded processor is very different from a “desktop” CPU.
Among them, ARM/MIPS/PowerPC are all based on reduced instruction set machine processor architecture; X86 is based on complex instruction set architecture, and Atom is x86 or a simplified version of x86 instruction set.